Research: I research how networked systems - from the Internet and social media platforms to cloud infrastructure - shape and impact society. My research centers on pressing challenges in digital equity, misinformation, privacy, and sustainable AI systems, with a particular focus on global development contexts. At the Internet, Data, and Society Lab (IDSL) at LUMS, I lead projects that combine approaches like generative AI and privacy-preserving ML with social science methods, including randomized controlled trials. By bridging computational and human-centered perspectives, my work aims to develop digital technologies that serve diverse communities equitably while remaining secure and resource-efficient.

Digital Development & Digital Equity

Keywords: Affordable Web; Entry-level Smartphones; Digital Literacy; Causal Inference; Surveys; Mobile Video; Digital Equity

• [Affordability of Mobile YouTube Ads, TheWebConf 2024]

• [Affordable Web Framework, ACM SIGCOMM 2023]

• [Affordability of Public Service Websites, TheWebConf 2023]

• [Validated Measures of Digital Literacy, Development Engineering 2023]

• [Impact of Memory Pressure on Mobile Video Quality of Experience (QoE), ACM CoNEXT 2022]

• [Causal Impact of Android Go, ACM IMC 2022]

• [Affordable Web Architecture, HotNets 2021]

• [Mobile Web Browsing Under Memory Pressure, SIGCOMM CCR 2020]

• [Google Web Light, WWW 2020]

• [MissIt, CHI 2020]

• [Mobile Video, SIGCOMM 2019p, IMC 2018p]

• [Mobile Web, IMC 2018p]

• [Facebook Free Basics, SIGCOMM CCR 2017 – Best Paper Award]

• [Facebook Free Basics, SIGMETRICS 2017p]

• [Mobile Phone Characteristics in Developing Regions, IMC 2016]

• [Long Distance WiFi, INFOCOM 2014p]

Countering Fake News

Keywords: Misinformation; Deepfakes; Digital (Media) Literacy; Cognitive  Reflection; Causal Inference; Randomized Control Trials; Deep Learning; Surveys

• [Deepfake Defense, ACL 2024]

• [Countering Misinformation through Educational Interventions (RCT in Pakistan), JDE 2023]

• [Dataset Pruning for Efficient Audio Deepfake Detection, INTERSPEECH 2023]

• [Validated Measures of Digital Literacy, Development Engineering 2023]

• [Digital Literacy & Misinformation, Journal of Quantitative Description: Digital Media 2022]

• [Cognitive Reflection & COVID-19 Misinformation, HKS Misinformation Review 2022]

• [Audio Deepfake Detection Under Resource-Constrained Environments, INTERSPEECH 2022]

• [Audio Deepfake Detection Using Attention DNNs, ASRU 2021]

• [Robust Detection of Audio Deepfakes, INTERSPEECH 2021]

• [Randomized Control Trial on Countering Misinformation on Social Media, arXiv 2021]

• [Educational Interventions for Combating Fake News, AEA 2020]

Online Safety, Internet Censorship & Internet Centralization

Keywords: Online Privacy; Censorship Measurements; Online Advertising; Ethics; Privacy-Preserving Communication

• [Government Hosting & Internet Centralization, IMC 2024]

• [Ad Exposure in Child-Oriented Content on YouTube, TheWebConf 2024]

• [Hasaas, ECML PKDD 2023]

• [Censorship Economics, AEA 2020]

• [C-Saw, SIGCOMM 2018, HotNets 2015]

• [Ethics, NSDI 2018p]

• [Advention, HotNets 2017]

AI/Machine Learning & Cloud/Edge Computing

Keywords: Data Pruning & Model Pruning; Active Learning; LLMs; Privacy-Preserving Machine Learning; Flow Scheduling; Tail Latency; Load Balancing; Software-Defined Networking

• [Hybrid Active Learning, COLING 2025]

• [Data Pruning for Efficient Fine-Tuning, NeurIPS ENLSP 2023]

• [Data Pruning for Efficient Model Pruning, EMNLP 2023]

• [Hasaas, ECML PKDD 2023]

• [FedPrune, arXiv 2021]

• [DAS, CoNEXT 2019]

• [2D, CoNEXT 2018]

• [DRIBS, NSDI 2017p]

• [SAPS, INFOCOM 2017]

• [RANS, HotNets 2016]

• [eSDN, SIGCOMM 2015p]

• [MulBuff, SIGCOMM 2014p]

• [PASE, SIGCOMM 2014] (PASE ns2 simulation code, patch applies to ns-2.34)

• [L2DCT, INFOCOM 2013] (L2DCT ns2 simulation code, patch applies to ns-2.35)

• [Coexistence of Datacenter Transports, ICC 2014]

• [Incast Congestion, Globecom 2015]

• [RACS, ICC 2013]